Friday, March 20, 2009

ADVERB



Adverbs are words which describe the action of a verb, adjectives, or other adverbs: They show how, when and where things happen - e.g. "quickly", "often", "outside". You can usually recognise an adverb in English becuase it ends in "-ly" - e.g. "happily", "regularly", "completely". Adverbs typically express some relation of place, time, manner, cause, inference, result, condition, exception, concession, purpose, means, or even negation. The German negative nicht is an adverb.

Most adjectives can be used as adverbs without adding a suffix. In fact, when such adjectives are used as adverbs they have no endings at all:

  • Anna is a healthy woman (= adjective).
  • Anna ist eine gesunde Frau.
  • "Metropolis" is a good film (= adjective).
  • "Metropolis" ist ein guter Film.
  • We eat very healthily (= adverb).
  • Wir essen sehr gesund.
  • I am very well (= adverb).
  • Es geht mir gut.

They have been divided up into three groups which describe when, how and where things happen we call them adverbs of time, manner and place.

Adverbs of Time

evening

abends

soon

bald

at that time

damals

then

dann

not until

erst

early

früh

yesterday

gestern

immediately

[so]gleich

today

heute

always

immer

now

jetzt

sometimes

manchmal

tomorrow

morgen

in the afternoon

nachmittags

at night

nachts

never

nie

never

nimmer

still

noch

now

nun

often

oft

already

schon

seldom

selten

immediately

sofort

late

spät

daily

täglich

mornings

morgens


Adverbs of Place

there

da

there

dort

outside

draußen

inside

drinnen

over there

drüben

along

entlang

distant

fern

out of

heraus

here

hier

away

weg

back

zurück

together

zusammen

left

links

near

nahe

nowhere

nirgends

above

oben

right

rechts

everywhere

überall

below

unten

before, in front

voran

far, widely

weit

behind

hinten

somewhere

irgendwo

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