To have and have not
Haben und nicht haben
The two most important German verbs are haben (to have) and sein (to be). As in most languages, the verb "to be" is one of the oldest verbs in German, and therefore one of the most irregular. The verb "to have" is only slightly less irregular, but no less vital to surviving in German.
We'll start with haben. Look at the following table for the conjugation of haben (to have) in the present tense, along with sample sentences. Notice the strong resemblance to English for many forms of this verb, with most forms only one letter off from the English (habe/have, hat/has). In the case of the familiar you (du), the German verb is identical to Old English: "thou hast" = "du hast."
Haben is also used in some German expressions that are translated with "to be" in English: Ich habe Hunger. = I'm hungry.
haben - to have | ||
Deutsch | English | Sample Sentences |
SINGULAR | ||
ich habe | I have | Ich habe einen roten Wagen. (...a red car.) |
du hast | you (fam.) | Du hast mein Buch. (...my book.) |
er hat | he has | Er hat ein blaues Auge. (...a black eye.) |
sie hat | she has | Sie hat blaue Augen. (...blue eyes.) |
es hat | it has | Es hat keine Fehler. (...no flaws.) |
PLURAL | ||
wir haben | we have | Wir haben keine Zeit. (...no time.) |
ihr habt | you (guys) | Habt ihr euer Geld? (...your money?) |
sie haben | they have | Sie haben kein Geld. (They have no money.) |
Sie haben | you have | Haben Sie das Geld? (Sie, formal "you," is both singular and plural.) |
To be or not to be...
Sein oder nicht sein...
Look at the following table for the conjugation of sein (to be) in the present tense. Notice how similar the German and English forms are in the third person (ist/is).
sein - to be | ||
Deutsch | English | Sample Sentences |
SINGULAR | ||
ich bin | I am | Ich bin's. (It's me.) |
du bist | you (fam.) | Du bist mein Schatz. (...my darling/treasure.) |
er ist | he is | Er ist ein netter Kerl. (...a nice guy.) |
sie ist | she is | Ist sie da? (Is she here?) |
es ist | it is | Es ist mein Buch. (...my book.) |
PLURAL | ||
wir sind | we are | "Wir sind das Volk!" ("We are the people/nation!" - Slogan of 1989 East German protests in Leipzig.) |
ihr seid | you (guys) | Seid ihr unsere Freunde? (..our friends.) |
sie sind | they are | Sie sind unsere Freunde. (..our friends.) |
Sie sind | you are | Sind Sie Herr Meier? (Sie, formal "you," is both singular and plural.) |
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